Compare Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2007) - Baker Island (2007)

Compare Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2007) z Baker Island (2007)

	Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2007)	Baker Island (2007)

Airports	-	one abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m covered with vegetation and unusable (2006)
Area	total: 412 sq km land: 412 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 1.4 sq km land: 1.4 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC	about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	These uninhabited, barren, sub-Antarctic islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve.	The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast.
Climate	antarctic	equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
Coastline	101.9 km	4.8 km
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands abbreviation: HIMI	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Baker Island
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment and Heritage	unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	-
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	-
Disputes - international	none	none
Economy - overview	The islands have no indigenous economic activity, but the Australian Government allows limited fishing in the surrounding waters.	no economic activity
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 8 m
Environment - current issues	NA	no natural fresh water resources
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used	the flag of the US is used
Geographic coordinates	53 06 S, 72 31 E	0 13 N, 176 28 W
Geography - note	-	treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife
Irrigated land	0 sq km	0 sq km
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Legal system	the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply	the laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Location	islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica	Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia
Map references	Antarctic Region	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols	defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard
Natural hazards	Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island	the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources	fish	guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife
Population	uninhabited	uninhabited note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service
Terrain	Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky	low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef
Transportation - note	-	there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast

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